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ATTRIBUÉ À FRANÇOIS BUNEL
The Procession of the Holy League Oil on panel 50,7 x 72 cm PROVENANCE Collection Tuffier, Paris Collection de La Raudière, Paris Formed between the end of the 1570s and the 1590s, the Catholic Holy League was created in the context of the Wars of Religion (1562 - 1598). Several events triggered it, including the death of François d'Anjou in 1584, brother of King Henri III (reign 1574 - 1589), who had no children and whose couple seemed sterile. Manipulated by the Duke Henri de Guise (1550-1588), Henri III undertook a series of repressive measures that led to an eighth war of religion (1585-1598). After the Duke of Guise, it was Henry III who took over the leadership of the Holy League and whose accession to the throne only strengthened the movement. The closest heir to the crown of the kingdom according to the Salic law would then be Henri de Bourbon, King of Navarre, a Protestant who had abjured his faith in 1572 following the Saint Bartholomew's Day massacres (24 August 1572). A "relapsed" heretic for the Catholics, the royal power was organized to prevent him from acceding to the throne and to favor another cousin of the king, the Cardinal of Bourbon (1523 - 1590). After the assassination of the Duke of Guise in 1588, the League deposed the king and proclaimed the Cardinal of Bourbon in his place. In order to overthrow the League, Henri III allied himself with Henri of Navarre, before being assassinated and the latter proclaimed Henri IV, King of France. The latter then laid siege to Paris where the population, fanaticized by the monks, resisted for four months despite the famine. This is the crowd represented. This crowd is massing in the street, which has become a place of protest, of expression of faith and of violence. In addition to the jubilant population, the painter contextualizes his scene: Notre-Dame de Paris is visible at the top left, the lesser Leagueers are armed and are crowded among the soldiers of the League dressed in white. A multitude of details enliven the scene, which resounds with the sound of weapons and feet treading the cobblestones, making the historical atmosphere of the moment palpable.
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