BOLIVAR SIMON (1783-1830).

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BOLIVAR SIMON (1783-1830).
« El Libertador », South American revolutionary leader and statesman. Signed letter, signed « Bolivar », Guanare [Venezuela], May 25, 1821 to Alejandro Osorio, three pages, in-4 format, in Spanish. Red half-morocco folder. Bolivar reports on news of preparations for the important Battle of Carabobo, which took place a month later, on June 24th, 1821. South American patriots, led by Bolivar, defeated Spanish royalists on the plains near Caracas, virtually freeing Venezuela from Spanish control. The struggle for Latin American Independence began in 1807. For several years, Bolivar’s victories were short-lived, with royalist forces constantly regaining control for Spain. Finally, in 1817, with the support of Haitian President Alexander Petion, Bolivar managed to capture and hold onto the town of Angostura (present-day Ciudad Bolivar) in Venezuela. Two years later (1819), a Congress assembled in Angosture and proclaimed the Republic of Colombia, which then consisted of present day Venezuela, New Grenada (present day Colombia and Panama) and Quito (present day Ecuador). Despite the proclamation, virtually the entire “Republic” (with the exception of Angosture) was still held by royalist forces. In August 1819, Bolivar set about turning the “Republic” into a reality, and ousting the Spanish. First he and his troops surprised the Spanish and successfully took over New Granada. Shortly afterwards he returned to Angosture where he prepared to seize control of the rest of Venezuela. This led to the Battle of Carabobo (the subject of this letter). Following his victory at Carabobo, the only part of the Republic of Colombia still under Spanish control was Quito, which was successfully taken by General Antonio Jose de Sucre on May 24th, 1822. Bolivar was the Republic’s fi rst President and military dictator. Regarding the constitution for the Republic of Colombia to which refers in his statement, Bolivar favored a republic with a strong executive, subject to
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